positiveSYS.SOURCE: NBER• 2026-09-01T14:28:24Z
Impact of Urban Congestion Pricing on Emergency Medical Service Response Times
New York City's congestion pricing reduced emergency medical service (EMS) travel times by approximately one minute on average, with significant improvements in hospital transport times and traffic pattern changes. The policy led to reduced vehicle density and improved EMS response times near the toll boundary, with no evidence of congestion displacement to nearby areas.
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